What is a nucleoside metabolic inhibitor?

What is a nucleoside metabolic inhibitor?

Nucleoside metabolic inhibitors are used to treat colon cancer, breast cancer, leukemia, meningitis, actinic keratosis, skin cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, and lung cancer. They work by slowing down the growth of cancer cells which then kills the cell.

How do pyrimidine antagonists work?

The pyrimidine antagonists act to block the synthesis of pyrimidine containing nucleotides (C and T in DNA; C and U in RNA). The drugs used to block the construction of these nucleotides have structures that are similar to the natural compound.

Which drug is pyrimidine antagonist?

Pyrimidine antagonists, for example, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), cytarabine (ara-C) and gemcitabine (dFdC), are widely used in chemotherapy regimes for colorectal, breast, head and neck, non-small-cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer and leukaemias.

What are pyrimidine antagonists?

Pyrimidine antagonists belong to the group of antimetabolite anticancer drugs and show structural resemblance with naturally occurring nucleotides (see Figure 1). Their action is accomplished through incorporation as false precursor in DNA or RNA or through inhibition of proteins involved in nucleotide metabolism.

What are antimetabolite drugs?

Antimetabolites are called a “cytotoxic” type of drug because they kill cells. They work by mimicking the molecules that a cell needs to grow. Cells are tricked into taking in the drugs and then using the antimetabolites instead of their normal building blocks of genetic material: RNA and DNA.

Is Folate an antagonist?

A type of drug that stops cells from using folic acid to make DNA and may kill cancer cells. Certain folate antagonists are used to treat some types of cancer and inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis. Also called antifolate and folic acid antagonist.

How do microtubule inhibitors work?

Microtubule inhibitors (MTI) such as taxanes, vinca alkaloids, and epothilones stabilize or destabilize microtubules, thereby suppressing microtubule dynamics required for proper mitotic function, effectively blocking cell cycle progression and resulting in apoptosis.

What does purine antimetabolite mean?

: a substance that is structurally similar to a metabolite (such as a coenzyme) and that serves to inhibit a particular cellular function (such as DNA synthesis) by interfering with or blocking the metaboliteʼs action From the start [Gertrude] Elion concentrated her research on using purine and pyrimidine …

What are examples of antimetabolites?

Some antimetabolites that are commonly used to treat cancer include:

  • 6-mercaptopurine.
  • fludarabine.
  • 5-fluorouracil.
  • gemcitabine.
  • cytarabine.
  • pemetrexed.
  • methotrexate.

Is methotrexate an antagonist?

Methotrexate is a folate antagonist that is a well-established therapy for autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. In some patients, methotrexate is associated with significant side effects and toxicity.