What is the prophylaxis for meningitis?
What is the prophylaxis for meningitis?
Antibiotics. Close contacts of a person with meningococcal disease should receive antibiotics to prevent them from getting sick. Experts call this prophylaxis (pro-fuh-lak-sis).
What is the recommended prophylaxis after contact with patient with meningococcal meningitis?
Ceftriaxone may provide an effective alternative to rifampin for prophylaxis in people in close contact with patients with meningococcal meningitis. Oily chloramphenicol may be the drug of choice in areas with limited health facilities, because a single dose of the long-acting form has been shown to be effective.
What antibiotics treat meningitis prophylaxis?
Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Exposure to Meningococcal Disease
| Antibiotic | Age range | Dosage and route |
|---|---|---|
| Adults | 600 mg orally every 12 hours | |
| Ciprofloxacin† (Cipro) | Adults | 500 mg orally |
| Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) | Patients younger than 15 years | 125 mg intramuscularly |
| Patients 15 years and older | 250 mg intramuscularly |
What is Rifampicin used for prophylaxis?
Rifampin is the drug of choice for prophylaxis (preventing disease) of close contacts of patients with Meningococcal disease and H. influenzae infection. Rifampin is 90% effective at reducing these types of bacteria in the nose and throat, therefore preventing spread of these infections.
How do you treat meningitis exposure?
Acute bacterial meningitis must be treated immediately with intravenous antibiotics and sometimes corticosteroids. This helps to ensure recovery and reduce the risk of complications, such as brain swelling and seizures. The antibiotic or combination of antibiotics depends on the type of bacteria causing the infection.
Why is rifampin used for meningitis prophylaxis?
What is the mechanism of action of rifampin?
Mechanism of action — Rifampin is thought to inhibit bacterial DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, which appears to occur as a result of drug binding in the polymerase subunit deep within the DNA/RNA channel, facilitating direct blocking of the elongating RNA [6].
When do you give dexamethasone for meningitis?
Dexamethasone reduces morbidity and mortality in bacterial meningitis by blunting the inflammatory response secondary to bacterial lysis, which frequently causes detrimental physiologic effects. Dexamethasone should be given prior (20 minutes before) or concurrently with antibiotics.
Is doxycycline used for meningitis?
Doxycycline has been proposed for decades for the prevention of bacterial meningococcal meningitis and is therefore known to be effective against Neisseria spp.