Which animals are used for studying acute eye irritation test?
Which animals are used for studying acute eye irritation test?
The albino rabbit is the preferable laboratory animal and healthy young adult animals are used. A rationale for using other strains or species should be provided. 11. Both eyes of each experimental animal provisionally selected for testing should be examined within 24 hours before testing starts.
Which test is done for ocular irritability?
The Eye Irritation Test (EIT) is an OECD-approved in vitro non-animal test method for identifying chemicals and mixtures that may be irritating to the corneal epithelium.
How do you check for eye irritation?
The eye irritation test used includes all variations of the Draize test, and the preferred experimental animal is the albino rabbit. The test consists of placing the material to be tested directly into the conjunctival sac of one eye, with the other eye serving as the control.
What is ocular corrosive?
Ocular corrosion is serious eye damage, often including some degree of vision impairment, caused by a chemical or ingredient that is not fully reversible within 21 days of exposure to the substance.
Is the Draize test still in use?
Although the Draize test is still the official model for eye irritation and toxicology studies worldwide, it has suffered major criticism in recent years due to the lack of objective quantification within its grading system, its unreliability in predicting chronic toxic reactions, and marked opposition by animal …
What OECD 401?
In 1987, OECD 401 was revised, primarily for animal welfare reasons. The test could now be conducted using animals of only one sex, with confirmation that there were no sex differences in the acute toxicity of a test material by testing at just one dose level in the second sex.
What is the Draize eye test used for?
Justified by an exigency for public protection, the Draize eye test became a governmentally endorsed method to evaluate the safety of materials meant for use in or around the eyes. The test involves a standardized protocol for instilling agents onto the cornea and conjunctiva of laboratory animals.
What is EpiOcular test?
The EpiOcular Eye Irritation Test predicts the acute eye irritation potential of a topically applied chemical or formulation by measurement of its cytotoxic effect of the EpiOcular cornea epithelial model.
What does serious eye irritation mean?
Eye irritation is the production of changes in the eye following the application of a test substance to the anterior surface of the eye, which are fully reversible within 21 days of application (OECD Test Guideline 405, in vivo).
What is eye irritation Category 2?
Category 2A A substance is classified as Eye Irritant Category 2A (irritating to eyes) when it produces in at least in 2 of 3 tested animals a positive response of: (i) corneal opacity ≥1; and/or (ii) iritis ≥1; and/or (iii) conjunctival redness ≥2; and/or (iv) conjunctival edema (chemosis) ≥2 calculated as the mean …
Why is the Draize test performed?
The Draize test is an acute ocular toxicity test devised in 1944 to provide a method for assessing the irritation potential of materials that might accidentally come in contact with human eyes, such as household and office products, agricultural or environmental chemicals, and volatile organic compounds.
What is a Draize eye irritation test?
The Draize rabbit eye test is an acute toxicity test for assessing the effects of chemicals, substances and mixtures in terms of their potential to cause eye irritancy or damage to the eye. The method was originally designed to assess the effects on eye health of cosmetics.